The Evolution and Significance of the Indian Knowledge System of Education
 
Dr. Manas Chatterjee
Assistant Professor, Department of Sanskrit
Bankura Christian College, Bankura, West Bengal, India
Email: manasc@bankurachristiancollege.in
 
Abstract: India has one of the world’s oldest and richest knowledge traditions. From the Indus Valley Civilization to the Vedic period, and from ancient universities like Takshashila and Nalanda to modern reforms such as the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, the Indian knowledge system of education has continuously evolved. This paper explores the historical development of India’s traditional education system, its philosophical foundations, key components, and the significant role it can play in building a holistic modern education structure. It highlights how ancient learning focused on values, practical skills, community engagement, and intellectual growth. It also examines the challenges faced during the colonial era and the revival attempts in post-independence India. This study argues for integrating traditional Indian knowledge with modern advancements to create a balanced and meaningful education for future generations.

Keywords: Indian Knowledge System, Gurukul, Vedic Education, Traditional Knowledge, NEP 2020, Holistic Learning, Ancient Universities